Heebeet e



PatentedMa yl, 1883.

N. PETERS. PMh-Liflwxnpher, Wuhinglul. a. Q

UNITED STAT S PATENT OFFICE.

HERBERT E. FOWLER, OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO THE FOWLER PLATING COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

ART OF MAKING BUCKLE-FRAMES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 276,797, dated May 1, 1883.

i Application filed August3l,1862. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, HERBERT E. 'FowLEn, of New Haven, in the, State of Connecticut,

have invented an Improvement in the Art of Making Buckle-Frames, of. which the following is a specification.

Curtain and harness rings have been made of cast metal. In other instances a blank has been cut out of sheet metal and stamped upto Io shape in dies. This is expensive because of the scrap that remains. Curtain-rings have also been made of sheet metal with the edges stamped up.

The object of my invention is to obtain a 1 perfect buckle-frame both as to uniformity of strength and quality, and with a surface that is smooth and free from any marks of the die.

In the drawings, Figure 1 represents the tube from which sections are cut. Fig. 2

2:) shows one of those sections separately. Fig. 3 represents the dies that are employed, and Fig. 4 represents a buckle ring or frame.

I make use of a seamless tube of brass, copper, iron, or other metal from which the ring 2 is to be cut, and I pass the same through a hollow mandrel in an ordinary lathe, and I cut the same upinto rings or sections of the proper size. This may be done in any convenient manner. For instance, a stationarystop, b, may be provided, to which the tubea. is slipped and then clamped in the mandrel. Then the cutter 0 is moved up and cuts ofl' the ring or section 0, or else the gage and cutter may be together and held by hand against the tube. 5 In all instances the ring is out 01f the right measurements for the subsequent operations. The ring-blank as cut from the tube is in a finished condition on its inner and outer surfaces, because the surfaces of the pipe form 0 said surfaces, and the same are more accurately and smoothly finished than would be possible if the ring-blank were cut out from a flat sheet by a punch; hence in'the subsequent finishing operations these external and internal surfaces do not require any finishing; I now bend the ring-blank into the form of the buckle-frame by any suitable punch, which gives to said ring the shape required for the outline of the buckle. I place the ringblank between the dies h k and compress the 0 ring and give the same the required rounding shape at the edges of the frame. During the compressing action the metal is rendered very dense and uniform in texture, because in the drawing operations in manufacturing the tube 5 the metal is rendered fibrous in the direction of the axis of the tube. When compressed between the dies 71. and 7c the consolidation takes place in the direction of the axis of the tube, and hence endwise upon the fibrous structure ,60 of the metal. As a consequence the metal is rendered unusually dense and strong, and at the same time there are no marks of the edges of the dies, because the metal is in a prcvionsly-finished condition where the dies come together, and the ring-blank should not contain more metal than can be contained in the mold when closed.

I claim as my invention- The art of making metal buckle-frames, couo sisting in cutting off ring-blanks from a seamless tube, bending the same to the shape of the buckle-frame, and then stamping up such blanks between dies, as set forth.

Signed by me this 24th day of August, A.

HERBERT E. FOWLER. Witnesses Gnxs. R. WHEELER, MERRIGK T. HITGHGOOK. 

